What is one of the pathophysiologic changes associated with hypercortisolism?

What is one of the pathophysiologic changes associated with hypercortisolism?

• A. Hypokalemia
• B. Metabolic alkalosis
• C. Hyponatremia
• D. Hypoglycemia

Answer: (B)

Hypercortisolism, often associated with conditions like Cushing's syndrome, leads to several notable pathophysiological changes in the body due to elevated cortisol levels. One of the key changes is metabolic alkalosis, which can result from increased sodium retention and hydrogen ion loss due to the effects of cortisol on the kidneys. Cortisol promotes the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium, which can disturb electrolyte balance. The sodium retention leads to increased extracellular fluid volume and can shift the acid-base balance towards alkalosis. This is particularly relevant in hypercortisolism where cortisol’s effect on renal function has direct implications on pH levels in the body. Understanding metabolic alkalosis in the context of hypercortisolism highlights the significant role cortisol plays in regulating not just metabolic processes but also acid-base balance, making it a central feature associated with this condition.

Hypercortisolism, often associated with conditions like Cushing's syndrome, leads to several notable pathophysiological changes in the body due to elevated cortisol levels. One of the key changes is metabolic alkalosis, which can result from increased sodium retention and hydrogen ion loss due to the effects of cortisol on the kidneys.

Cortisol promotes the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium, which can disturb electrolyte balance. The sodium retention leads to increased extracellular fluid volume and can shift the acid-base balance towards alkalosis. This is particularly relevant in hypercortisolism where cortisol’s effect on renal function has direct implications on pH levels in the body.

Understanding metabolic alkalosis in the context of hypercortisolism highlights the significant role cortisol plays in regulating not just metabolic processes but also acid-base balance, making it a central feature associated with this condition.